Background: Missed nursing care (MNC) is experienced in nearly all healthcare facilities. Awareness of the aspects involved in the MNC can improve the quality of patient care. The objective of this systematic review is to provide insights into the factors that contribute to the occurrence of MNC.
Methods: The review will adhere to the 2020 preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement and includes studies published in peer-reviewed journals from 2012 to 2022. The databases used in the literature search include ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, PubMed, ProQuest, and the Wiley Online Library. The eligibility criteria were determined based on population, intervention, comparison, outcomes, and study (PICOS) guidelines. To evaluate the quality of the studies, the NIH quality assessment tool for observational cohort and cross-sectional studies was employed, while the risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane collaboration’s risk of bias tool. Three authors independently performed data extraction using qualitative analysis and reached a final agreement.
Results: A total of 3611 articles were found in the database search. After removing duplicates and ineligible articles, review studies, case reports, letters to editors, incomplete texts, dissertations, and book chapters, 16 articles were finally eligible for further analysis. In general, there were three categories of factors related to MNC, including labor resources (workload, staff adequacy, staff characteristics, nurse-patient ratio, shift work, and nurse job satisfaction), material sources (work environment, personal protective equipment, patient care equipment), and teamwork and communication (communication within nursing team, and communication with medical staff). The most common influencing factor seemed to be staffing adequacy.
Conclusion: The role of healthcare service management and leadership is central to mitigating the factors contributing to MNCs’ emergence, especially labor resources. Meta-analytic studies are needed to find the most influential factors of MNC based on the results of all available studies.
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• Missed nursing care (MNC) happens in many hospitals worldwide and affects the quality of nursing services.
• Many studies have been conducted on the factors that contribute to the occurrence of MNC, but there is no clear conclusion about these factors.
• Problems with labor resources seem to be the most important aggravating factor for MNC.
• Staffing adequacy as a part of the labor resources factor seems to be the most influencing factor for the occurrence of MNC.
Plain Language Summary
MNC in healthcare facilities greatly affects the quality of services and trust of service users. In general, the factors contributing to the occurrence of MNC fall into three categories: Labor resources, material resources, and teamwork and communication. The most influential category is labor resources—staffing adequacy seems the most influential.
Type of Study:
Review Article |
Subject:
General Received: 2022/09/19 | Accepted: 2022/11/26 | Published: 2023/05/1