Volume 6, Issue 4 (Autumn 2020)  

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Abstract (2381 Views) | Full-Text (PDF) (827 Downloads)   |   Full-Text (HTML) (717 Views)   |   Highlights
● Homelessness is a global phenomenon that affects all human societies. 
● Women become homeless due to addiction, family problems, economic poverty, and poor social conditions.
● Homeless women are suffering from sexual and physical harassment, depression, malnutrition, mental insecurity, and suicidal ideation. 
● Depression is a severe mental illness among women living in homeless shelters and is rooted in their feelings of psychological and social security. 
● Psychological security can predict depression in women living in homeless shelters.
● Social security can predict depression in women living in homeless shelters.
Plain Language Summary 
The number of homeless women is increasing all over the world. Rapid social and technological changes; social problems, such as separation and divorce; economic poverty; unemployment; drug and alcohol addiction; the seeking of asylum due to war; and mental disorders are all reasons for women to be homeless. Thus, one of the goals of social welfare in any society is paying attention to mental health and empowering these people to have an independent life. As shown in this study, depression is prevalent in these women because of a variety of reasons, including psychological and social insecurity and the lack of a bright future.


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● Lifestyle is an important factor that affects health. 
● Health is determined not only by behavioral, biological, and genetic factors but also by a range of economic, environmental, and social factors.
● According to World Health Organization, social capital is the missing link in social inequality and health.
● Low social capital is associated with disease and reduced health and plays an important role in improving access to social care.
● Studies conducted in Iran and other countries have shown that a small number of students have a healthy and desirable lifestyle.
● The results showed a significant relationship between social capital and a health-promoting lifestyle.
Plain Language Summary 
In developing countries, unhealthy lifestyles cause a high percentage of deaths. During adolescence, many adverse health factors can be controlled if detected and corrected early. This study discussed the relationship between social capital and health-promoting lifestyle in the nursing students of Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. According to the results, social capital is significantly related to a health-promoting lifestyle; as social capital increases, the health-promoting lifestyle increases. The score of the social capital of students with good economic status was higher than that of those with poor economic position. Besides, the employment status of the students was associated with their health-promoting lifestyle, so that the health-promoting lifestyle score of employed students was higher than that of the other students.


Abstract (1717 Views) | Full-Text (PDF) (908 Downloads)   |   Full-Text (HTML) (528 Views)   |   Highlights
● Evidence-based strategies recommend the application of a care package to reduce central catheter infection in NICUs. 
● The present study investigated the effects of applying a care package on the incidence of infection and the shelf life of central peripheral venous catheters, in the premature infants admitted to the NICU. 
● The obtained results indicated that the standard guideline training of nurses could reduce the incidence of central venous catheter infection in infants.
Plain Language Summary 
Low-birth-weight infants often require intravenous access for more than six days. Therefore, a central peripheral venous catheter is considered to be an acceptable alternative to provide long-term access to the vein with few complications and no restrictions on any injections. The nurses who are involved in the implantation of central peripheral venous catheters in infants and children must have sufficient knowledge and experience in the care of this population. The present study aimed to assess the effects of using a care package on the incidence of infections and the shelf life of central peripheral venous catheterization in the premature infants admitted to the NICUs. According to the obtained results, the standard guideline training of nurses reduces the incidence of central venous catheter infection in infants.


Abstract (1944 Views) | Full-Text (PDF) (2894 Downloads)   |   Full-Text (HTML) (951 Views)   |   Highlights
● The present scoping review provided a comprehensive view of nursing competency in Iran. Also, most of the evidence was obtained from primary quantitative investigations.
● Among the studies, 26% evaluated competency through self-assessment and reported it to be at a desirable level.
 ● Based on the findings, a nurse is expected to have moral, clinical and special, cultural, emotional, and motivational competency. 
● The relationships between clinical competency and other variables were explored in several studies.
● Effective strategies for the promotion of clinical competency are explained and summarized.
Plain Language Summary 
Nowadays, the concept of nurses’ competency is addressed as a key criterion in the provision of high-quality care and patient satisfaction and is considered as the main index for the evaluation of nurses’ performance. This study aimed to investigate the different dimensions of Iranian nurses’ competency. The dimensions of nursing competency were summarized in five themes: nurses’ competency levels, nursing competency dimensions, effective factors in clinical competency, effective strategies for the promotion of clinical competency, and the relationship between nursing competency and other variables. Based on the findings, a nurse is expected to have moral, clinical and special, cultural, emotional, and motivational competency. Moreover, the present study explained and summarized the effective strategies for the promotion of clinical competency.


Abstract (1791 Views) | Full-Text (PDF) (794 Downloads)   |   Full-Text (HTML) (722 Views)   |   Highlights
● Aging leads to changes in many human capabilities. 
● Technology is one of the ways that help older adults to preserve independence. 
● A review of the literature showed that there is no tool in Iran to measure the use of technology at home by older adults.
● This study developed the “Older Adults’ Technology Use at Home Scale” and evaluated its psychometric properties in an Iranian context.
Plain Language Summary 
The aging process commonly decreases the physical and mental functions of older adults. However, the use of technology can improve the cognitive, sensory, and motor functions of older adults. This study discusses the development of a scale that measures the use of technology at home by older adults, in an Iranian context. Study results showed that the older adults’ technology use at home scale is a valid and reliable tool for the measurement of the use of technology by older adults at home, in daily life.


Abstract (2224 Views) | Full-Text (PDF) (1354 Downloads)   |   Full-Text (HTML) (1592 Views)   |   Highlights
● Marital satisfaction is a basic necessity for a lasting married life. 
● One of the main causes of divorce and separation is the lack of satisfaction and happiness in living together.
● In this study, researchers examined the role of mate selection in the satisfaction of marriage by examining the narratives of couples who have been married for more than a decade. 
● Interviews resulted in four main themes, including spouse personality traits, shared religious beliefs, shared socioeconomic positions, and mutual respect and understanding. 
Plain Language Summary 
Mate selection is one of the first requirements for establishing a marital relationship in both Western and non-Western societies. Research shows that lasting marital satisfaction depends on the similarity between a couple’s values, culture, religion, personality traits, and economic status. This research focused on mate selection as one of the main factors associated with lasting marital satisfaction. The analysis of the couples’ comments showed that the “mate selection” has the main role in their lasting marital satisfaction. Interviews led to four main subjects: spouse personality traits, shared religious beliefs, shared socioeconomic positions, and mutual respect and understanding. The findings of this study help counselors, couples’ therapists, mental health professionals, psychiatric nurses, and midwifery consultants prepare couples for premarital programs.


Abstract (2642 Views) | Full-Text (PDF) (1229 Downloads)   |   Full-Text (HTML) (2203 Views)   |   Highlights
● Schema therapy and emotional self-regulation therapy effectively improved the components of marital conflict in women.
● Schema therapy and emotional self-regulation therapy were able to reduce emotional reactions in women.
● Schema therapy and emotional self-regulation therapy improved relations with the spouse’s family and friends.
Plain Language Summary 
Marital conflicts gradually lead to a serious dispute in values and life goals. In contrast, efficient conflict management prevents the failure of the marital relationship and shows the couple how to effectively deal with problems to minimize adverse impacts on their marital relations. Thus, marital conflicts should be resolved by adopting appropriate treatment methods to avoid subsequent problems. In this regard, schema therapy and emotional self-regulation therapy are among the most important intervention programs; applying these interventions, this study suggested the following conclusions. Women undergoing schema therapy and emotional self-regulation therapy can control their emotions and improve their marital relations by reducing marital conflicts. Also, these two intervention programs can be used to improve the components of marital conflict in women confronting marital conflicts.


Abstract (2230 Views) | Full-Text (PDF) (1225 Downloads)   |   Full-Text (HTML) (1340 Views)   |   Highlights
● This study showed the existence of ageism in older adult care.
● The level of ageism was associated with age, gender, work experience, and the ward in which the nurses worked.
● The results of the study have important implications for further research and suggest the development of interventions to decrease ageism in practice.
Plain Language Summary 
Ageism is defined as discrimination due to age in the provision of care to the elderly. Evidence shows that caregivers are unaware of their discriminatory treatment of the elderly. The evaluation of care by the care provider system positively impacts the acceptance and provision of qualified caregiving to older people. Thus, it is important to determine the status of ageism in caring for elderly patients, in hospitals, in the Iranian context. Nurses in this study showed a discriminatory view in providing care for the elderly. Moreover, the discriminatory view was related to the age, gender, work experience, and the ward in which the nurses worked.



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