en تخصصي Special پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Background</strong>: Unawareness and inappropriate attitude toward hepatitis B can expose healthy people, especially immigrants, to a higher risk of hepatitis B transmission. The present study aimed to determine the effect of hepatitis B prevention education by face-to-face and distance training on the knowledge and attitude of Afghan immigrant students.&nbsp;<br> <strong>Methods</strong>: This randomized controlled trial was conducted on 128 voluntary immigrant nonmedical Afghan students of Imam Khomeini University in Qazvin City, Iran. The study subjects were randomly assigned to 4 groups (A1, A2, B1, & B2), and the training was performed using Solomon&rsquo;s four-group-design. The A groups received face-to-face education, while the B groups received distance education through email and Telegram messenger. The required data were collected using a self-structured questionnaire at three-time intervals of before, immediately after, and one month after training. The collected data were analyzed by the Chi-squared test, Independent Samples t-test, Paired Samples t-test, and repeated-measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) using SPSS.<br> <strong>Results</strong>: Based on the study findings, the improvement of knowledge and attitude values was more significant in the face-to-face groups, compared to the distance education groups. However, there was a significant difference in both methods (P<0.001).&nbsp;<br> <strong>Conclusion</strong>: Although knowledge improvement was higher in the face-to-face education groups, there was also an increase in the knowledge and attitude of the distance education group. Therefore, face-to-face education is preferred; however, using a combination of these educational methods could be beneficial.<span dir="RTL"></span></div> Hepatitis B, Face-to-face education, Distance education, Attitude, Knowledge, Afghan immigrants 247 256 http://jccnc.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-312-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Najibeh Mirzazadeh Mirzazadehn.67@gmail.com 100319475328460010233 100319475328460010233 No School of Nursing and Midwifery, International Campus, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Leila Amini amini.l@iums.ac.ir 100319475328460010234 100319475328460010234 Yes Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Seyed Moayed Alavian Alavian@thc.ir 100319475328460010235 100319475328460010235 No Middle East Liver Disease Center, Tehran, Iran. Hamid Haghani Haghani511@yahoo.com 100319475328460010236 100319475328460010236 No Department of Biostatistics, School of Management and Information, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.