en عمومى General پژوهشي Research <strong>Background</strong>: Participation in peer social groups could be used in health promotion programs for the elderly. The current study investigates the effectiveness of participation in a peer social support network intervention on the self-management of the elderly with type 2 diabetes.&nbsp;<br> <strong>Methods</strong>: This research is a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test-pos-ttest design with a control group conducted in 2019. Two health centers were selected as research settings from a single district in Qom Province, Iran. From each center, 46 subjects were randomly selected. Subjects in the intervention group participated in a peer social support network for 3 months (12 sessions), and the control group received only usual care. The outcome variable was self-management. The components of this variable include the level of hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), diabetes distress (measured with Diabetes Distress Scale), awareness (measured with Davoodi&rsquo;s knowledge of diabetes questionnaire), attitude (measured with diabetes attitude scale [DAS-3]), self-efficacy (measured with diabetes empowerment scale, [DES-28]), weight and blood pressure. Subjects were evaluated at baseline and at a 6-month follow-up. The obtained data were analyzed using t-test, Chi-Square, and Fisher test in SPSS software, version 22. The significance level was set at less than 0.5.<br> <strong>Results</strong>: The change in mean HbA1C of the intervention and control groups at baseline and 6-month follow-up was -0.7 and 0.1, respectively, which was significant (P&le;0.0001). Moreover, the difference in changes in the mean values of diabetes distress (P=0.008), self-efficacy (P&le;0.0001), and attitude (P&le;0.0001) were significant. No significant changes were found in knowledge, weight, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (P>0.05).&nbsp;<br> <strong>Conclusion</strong>: The formation of social support groups may help control blood sugar in the elderly with type 2 diabetes. Seemingly, social groups can mainly impact through psychological factors such as distress control, attitude improvement, and self-efficacy enhancement. Peer group, Social support, Elderly, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Self-management 57 68 http://jccnc.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-472-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Mojtaba Azadbakht m.azadbakht@yahoo.com 10031947532846008801 10031947532846008801 Yes Department of Family and Community Medicine School of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran. Parisa Taheri Tanjani dr_parisa_taheri@yahoo.com 10031947532846008802 10031947532846008802 No Department of Internal Medicine, Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital, Research Development Unit, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Reza Fadayevatan reza1092@yahoo.com 10031947532846008803 10031947532846008803 No Department of Aging, School of Social Health, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mahshid Foroughan m_foroughan@yahoo.com 10031947532846008804 10031947532846008804 No Department of Aging, School of Social Health, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Nasibeh Zanjari zanjari.nz@gmail.com 10031947532846008805 10031947532846008805 No Department of Aging, School of Social Health, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.