en عمومى General پژوهشي Research <p dir="ltr" style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Background:</strong> Childbirth brings many changes to family and fathers who are at risk of depression.During this period, fathers face a lot of challenges and several new roles. Negative effects of&nbsp;paternal postpartum depression (PPND) affect arital/partner relationships, infant bonding, and child development. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of PPND and its relationship&nbsp;with some individual characteristics.<br> <strong>Methods: </strong>This research is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The statistical population was&nbsp;all literate men whose wives had recently given birth to a child. The method of sampling was&nbsp;consecutive technique. A total of 328 men were recently become fathers. All samples completed&nbsp;the demographics questionnaire during their wives&rsquo; hospitalization after delivery. Then 8 weeks<br> later, they completed Edinburgh questionnaire at home or hospital. Data were analyzed by Chisquare&nbsp;test (using SPSS software version 14).<br> <strong>Results:</strong> The findings revealed that 59.8% of the fathers had postpartum depression, and&nbsp;depression rate was higher in the age range of 30-39 years (65.5%) (P=0.202). The depression&nbsp;was more in men who were low-educated (61.8%) and whose partners were housewives (59.4%).&nbsp;There is a significant correlation between men&rsquo;s employment and depression (P=0.018). The&nbsp;depression was more in unemployed men; therefore, bad economic situation can be a reason for&nbsp;severe depression (65.5%).<br> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Considering high prevalence parental postpartum depression and its multifactorial&nbsp;nature, dealing with each effective factor can decrease the probability of parental postpartum&nbsp;depression. Also, its prompt diagnosis and treatment decreases the consequences of this problem&nbsp;in mother, infant, and family and improves family performance and quality of life.</p> Parental postpartum depression, Iran 159 164 http://jccnc.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-128-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Zahra Ahmadi ahmadizahra385@yahoo.com 10031947532846002875 10031947532846002875 Yes Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Sara Janmohammadi 10031947532846002876 10031947532846002876 No Eftekharsadat Hajkazemi 10031947532846002877 10031947532846002877 No Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.