en تخصصي Special پژوهشي Research <p style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 4px;"><strong>Background</strong>: Physical restraint (PR) is one of the most common methods nurses use to reduce patient movement, especially in intensive care units (ICUs); however, PR is considered one of the undesirable methods due to its related clinical and ethical issues. This study investigates Jordanian nurses&rsquo; knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding using PR, its alternatives in different ICUs, and its associated factors.&nbsp;<br> <strong>Methods</strong>: This was a descriptive-cross-sectional study, conducted in the ICUs of four different hospitals in Jordan from October 2023 to March 2024. A convenience sample of 240 ICU nurses was recruited to fill out a self-administered PR questionnaire. The data were analyzed using an independent sample t-test, analysis of variance, and the Pearson correlation coefficient using the SPSS software, version 25. All conducted tests were two-tailed and considered significant when the P<0.05.&nbsp;<br> <strong>Results</strong>: The results revealed moderate knowledge (11.1&plusmn;2.46), positive attitude (27.04&plusmn;3.35) and good practice (37.19&plusmn;3.33) regarding the use of PR. Receiving training on the use of PR had a direct significant relationship with the use of alternative methods before PR in the patients (P<0.001) and the total practice score (P=0.049). The presence of PR as part of the new hire orientation program and the number of times of using PR had a significant association with the use of alternatives before PR for the patients (P<0.0001 and P=0.043, respectively). In terms of total knowledge (P=0.01), use of alternatives (P=0.025) and practice (P<0.001) regarding the use of PRs, accredited hospitals were at a higher level, but the difference in nurses&rsquo; attitudes was not significant (P=0.839). There was a significant difference in terms of total alternatives (P=0.016), attitude (P<0.001), and practice (P=0.02) depending on the type of ICU. There were other significant relationships between the main variables among which the relationship between total knowledge and total practice (r=0.434, P<0.01), and total use of alternatives and total practice (r=0.43, P<0.01) were more powerful.<br> <strong>Conclusion</strong>: The current study indicates variations in nurses&rsquo; knowledge levels, attitudes, and practices across different ICUs and hospital types. These findings emphasize the importance of in-service education as a golden role in improving nurses&rsquo; knowledge levels and practices toward PR. The journey to accreditation in the management of hospitals by nursing managers and policymakers has a positive impact on improving nursing knowledge and skills regarding PR application and enhancing patient safety and care outcomes.</p> Physical restraint (PR), Intensive care units (ICUs), Accreditation, Nursing practice, Restraint alternatives 5 22 http://jccnc.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-660-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Heba N. Hudhud heba.hudhud@bau.edu.jo 100319475328460012351 0009-0007-7224-1275 No Department of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Nursing, Al-Balqa Applied University (BAU), Al-Salt, Jordan. Ayman M. Al-Qaaneh ayman.alqennh@bau.edu.jo 100319475328460012352 100319475328460012352 Yes Department of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Nursing, Al-Balqa Applied University (BAU), Al-Salt, Jordan. Kholood E. Al-Nbabteh kholoud.nababteh@bau.edu.jo 100319475328460012353 100319475328460012353 No Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing, Al-Balqa Applied University (BAU), Al-Salt, Jordan. Eslam H. Bani Mohammad eslam.banimohammad@bau.edu.jo 100319475328460012354 100319475328460012354 No Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Al-Balqa Applied University (BAU), Al-Salt,, Jordan. Jumana H. Shehadeh j.shehadeh@ju.edu.jo 100319475328460012355 100319475328460012355 No Department of Community Nursing, School of Nursing, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.