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Volume 5, Issue 4 (Autumn 2019)
JCCNC 2019, 5(4): 239-246 |
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Darzabi T, Hejazi K, Shahrokhi H. The Effects of Ramadan Fasting on Metabolic Syndrome and Body Composition in Male Students. JCCNC 2019; 5 (4) :239-246
URL: http://jccnc.iums.ac.ir/article-1-236-en.html
URL: http://jccnc.iums.ac.ir/article-1-236-en.html
1- Department of Vocational Science, Faculty of Montazeri, Khorasan Razavi Branch, Technical and Vocational University, Mashhad, Iran.
2- Department of Sports Physiology, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran. ,k.hejazi@hsu.ac.ir
3- Department of Sports Injury and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran.
2- Department of Sports Physiology, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran. ,
3- Department of Sports Injury and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran.
Abstract: (2174 Views)
Background: Diabetes and cardiovascular disease, as the two major consequences of metabolic syndrome, can lead to some complications, like fatty liver disease. The current study aimed to evaluate the effects of Ramadan fasting on metabolic syndrome and body composition in fasting and non-fasting male students.
Methods: This was an outcome research with a quasi-experimental design. A total of 29 male students were selected by convenience sampling method. Those who intended to fast were placed in one group (n=15) and other students in the non-fasting group (n=14). The serum levels of biochemical and hematological factors and atherogenic indexes were measured three days before the fasting month and after Ramadan. The obtained data were analyzed by repeated-measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) using SPSS. The significance level was set at P≤0.05.
Results: The present study results suggested that weight (79.96±5.32 vs. 79.16±5.43 kg; P=0.001), body mass index (25.03±2.33 vs. 24.78±2.36 kg/m2; P=0.001), waist circumference (104.86±4.18 vs. 101.86±5.28 cm; P=0.001), hip circumference (96.33±6.58 vs. 95.42±6.14 cm; P=0.002), waist to hip ratio (1.09±0.06 vs. 1.07±0.07 cm; P=0.008), fasting blood glucose (86.46±4.74 vs. 79.93±7.54 mg/dL; P= 0.002), insulin (12.95±6.96 vs. 9.65±4.57 mg/dL; P=0.03), insulin resistance (49.74±2.70 vs. 33.89±1.49; P=0.001), and Triglyceride (TG) levels (75.00±15.15 vs. 67.93±16.26 mg/dL; P=0.03 ) have decreased significantly at the end of fasting period. The HDL-C levels (38.66±4.09 vs. 42.46±5.19 mg/dL; P= 0.004) significantly increased in the fasting group.
Conclusion: According to the obtained data, fasting led to some alternations in body composition and serum insulin, fasting blood glucose, and lipid profile. Therefore, to benefit from this holy month, it is crucial for male nursing students to include nutrients in their diet during Ramadan.
Methods: This was an outcome research with a quasi-experimental design. A total of 29 male students were selected by convenience sampling method. Those who intended to fast were placed in one group (n=15) and other students in the non-fasting group (n=14). The serum levels of biochemical and hematological factors and atherogenic indexes were measured three days before the fasting month and after Ramadan. The obtained data were analyzed by repeated-measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) using SPSS. The significance level was set at P≤0.05.
Results: The present study results suggested that weight (79.96±5.32 vs. 79.16±5.43 kg; P=0.001), body mass index (25.03±2.33 vs. 24.78±2.36 kg/m2; P=0.001), waist circumference (104.86±4.18 vs. 101.86±5.28 cm; P=0.001), hip circumference (96.33±6.58 vs. 95.42±6.14 cm; P=0.002), waist to hip ratio (1.09±0.06 vs. 1.07±0.07 cm; P=0.008), fasting blood glucose (86.46±4.74 vs. 79.93±7.54 mg/dL; P= 0.002), insulin (12.95±6.96 vs. 9.65±4.57 mg/dL; P=0.03), insulin resistance (49.74±2.70 vs. 33.89±1.49; P=0.001), and Triglyceride (TG) levels (75.00±15.15 vs. 67.93±16.26 mg/dL; P=0.03 ) have decreased significantly at the end of fasting period. The HDL-C levels (38.66±4.09 vs. 42.46±5.19 mg/dL; P= 0.004) significantly increased in the fasting group.
Conclusion: According to the obtained data, fasting led to some alternations in body composition and serum insulin, fasting blood glucose, and lipid profile. Therefore, to benefit from this holy month, it is crucial for male nursing students to include nutrients in their diet during Ramadan.
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● Adventitious factors, such as increased body fat and physical inactivity, could exacerbate insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome.
● Weight reduction could be optimally achieved with a multimodality approach by adapting to a healthy lifestyle through diet modification and physical activity.
● Fasting during the month of Ramadan enables modifications in body composition; most of the investigated body composition parameters returned to the normal weight level.
● Beneficial changes occur in HDL and LDL levels during Ramadan fasting; fasting could also lead to a reduction of central obesity, waist circumference, and waist to hip ratio.
Plain Language Summary
Ramadan fasting is part of the lunar calendar. Since the lunar year is 11 days shorter than the solar year, this month is rotating throughout the solar year with different hours of fasting (11-17 hours) in various seasons. The most critical lunar month for Muslims in the world is Ramadan, with restrictions, such as smoking, drinking liquids, and eating from morning prayer to evening prayer. This study evaluated the effects of Ramadan fasting on metabolic syndrome and body composition in fasting and non-fasting male students. The collected results indicated that weight, body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist to hip ratio, fasting blood glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, and triglyceride levels have decreased at the end of the fasting period. The high-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased in the fasting group. Therefore, to benefit from this holy month, male students need to include nutrients in their diet during Ramadan.
● Weight reduction could be optimally achieved with a multimodality approach by adapting to a healthy lifestyle through diet modification and physical activity.
● Fasting during the month of Ramadan enables modifications in body composition; most of the investigated body composition parameters returned to the normal weight level.
● Beneficial changes occur in HDL and LDL levels during Ramadan fasting; fasting could also lead to a reduction of central obesity, waist circumference, and waist to hip ratio.
Plain Language Summary
Ramadan fasting is part of the lunar calendar. Since the lunar year is 11 days shorter than the solar year, this month is rotating throughout the solar year with different hours of fasting (11-17 hours) in various seasons. The most critical lunar month for Muslims in the world is Ramadan, with restrictions, such as smoking, drinking liquids, and eating from morning prayer to evening prayer. This study evaluated the effects of Ramadan fasting on metabolic syndrome and body composition in fasting and non-fasting male students. The collected results indicated that weight, body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist to hip ratio, fasting blood glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, and triglyceride levels have decreased at the end of the fasting period. The high-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased in the fasting group. Therefore, to benefit from this holy month, male students need to include nutrients in their diet during Ramadan.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
General
Received: 2019/12/31 | Accepted: 2020/02/17 | Published: 2020/06/1
Received: 2019/12/31 | Accepted: 2020/02/17 | Published: 2020/06/1
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