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Rashvand F, Safari Alamuti F, Shahsavari N, Momeni M. Investigating the Predictive Role of Disability and Comorbidity in the Sleep Quality of Hospitalized Older Adults. JCCNC 2025; 11 (1) :35-44
URL: http://jccnc.iums.ac.ir/article-1-616-fa.html

Background: One of the aspects affecting the quality of life (QoL) of the older adults is sleep quality. Hospitalized older adults may experience a poor quality of sleep due to one or more diseases and their related disabilities. This study determines the predictive role of disability and comorbidities in the sleep quality of hospitalized elderly patients.
Methods: This cross-sectional, correlational study was conducted on 300 hospitalized older adults admitted to the teaching hospitals affiliated with Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Iran, in 2023. The subjects were recruited via convenience sampling. The data were collected using the demographic characteristics form, the Pittsburgh sleep quality index, the World Health Organization (WHO) disability assessment schedule 2.0 and the Charlson comorbidity index. They were analyzed using the chi-square test or the Fisher exact test, independent t-test, and binary logistic regression in the SPSS software, version 26. In addition, the statistical significance was set at P<0.05.
Results: The Mean±SD sleep quality, disability and comorbidity scores were 6.12±2.99, 23.36±9.20 and 1.15±0.37, respectively. Half of the older adults (50%) had poor sleep quality. There was a significant relationship between the sleep quality scores and all domains of disability (P<0.05) except for participation and life activities (P≥0.05). The results of the logistic regression model showed that disability (odd ratio=1.044, P<0.004) and comorbidities (odd ratio=2.078, P<0.044) were predictors of sleep quality in hospitalized older adults. No significant relationship was observed between sleep quality and gender, education, smoking, and non-opioid analgesics in multivariate regression analysis.
Conclusion: Disability and comorbidities are important predictors of sleep quality in hospitalized older adults; therefore, it is necessary to consider effective interventions to minimize hospitalization-associated disability and to help improve the sleep quality of older adults.