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Volume 12, Issue 2 (Spring--In Press 2026)
JCCNC 2026, 12(2): 3-3 |
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Sadang J M. An Expanded Need-Threat Internal Resiliency Theory for Older Adults on Emerging Health Emergencies. JCCNC 2026; 12 (2) :3-3
URL: http://jccnc.iums.ac.ir/article-1-985-en.html
URL: http://jccnc.iums.ac.ir/article-1-985-en.html
Mindanao State University-Marawi (Main Campus), Marawi City, Philippines. , jonaid.sadang@msumain.edu.ph
Abstract: (20 Views)
Background: Resilience is a vital component in the older population, promoting health, well-being, life satisfaction, and overall quality of life by enabling effective coping and adaptation in the face of crises, particularly emerging health emergencies. This theoretical paper aimed to develop an expanded theory of need-threat internal resiliency in emerging health emergencies, elucidating both the processes and outcomes older adults experience as they navigate such situations to maintain a positive disposition and enhanced quality of life.
Methods: This theoretical paper utilized a deductive axiomatic approach and a theory-to-research-to-theory strategy to formulate the Expanded Need-Threat Internal Resiliency Theory for older adults. The development process was rooted in the original Need-Threat Internal Resiliency Theory in the COVID-19 Crisis for Older Adults, which served as the foundational theoretical structure. Data sources included a comprehensive review of empirical studies, qualitative and quantitative evidence on older adults’ experiences during emerging infectious disease outbreaks, and literature on resilience, coping, gerontology, and biopsychosociospiritual well-being. These sources were synthesized to construct axioms and derive propositions explaining how older adults perceive threats, mobilize coping mechanisms, and develop internal resiliency during health emergencies.
Results: Four axioms were generated, forming the basis for three core propositions: (1) Older adults recognize and perceive threats arising from increased health demands during emerging health emergencies; (2) Older adults develop multiple essential coping mechanisms across physical, social, psychological, and spiritual domains, with spirituality emerging as the central and foundational coping dimension; and (3) Older adults who cultivate strong internal resiliency are better able to adapt, maintain positive disposition, and sustain quality of life. The resulting Expanded Need-Threat Internal Resiliency Theory posits that emerging health emergencies prompt older adults to acquire, refine, and integrate diverse coping strategies crucial for preserving holistic well-being.
Conclusion: This theory provides a comprehensive framework for understanding resilience as a biopsychosociospiritual process in aging populations, offering implications for nursing practice, education, research, and policy to support older adults in crisis situations. By articulating the interplay between health needs, perceived threats, coping strategies, and internal resiliency, the theory advances gerontological nursing knowledge and provides a conceptual basis for interventions aimed at enhancing adaptive capacity and life satisfaction among older adults during emerging health crises.
Methods: This theoretical paper utilized a deductive axiomatic approach and a theory-to-research-to-theory strategy to formulate the Expanded Need-Threat Internal Resiliency Theory for older adults. The development process was rooted in the original Need-Threat Internal Resiliency Theory in the COVID-19 Crisis for Older Adults, which served as the foundational theoretical structure. Data sources included a comprehensive review of empirical studies, qualitative and quantitative evidence on older adults’ experiences during emerging infectious disease outbreaks, and literature on resilience, coping, gerontology, and biopsychosociospiritual well-being. These sources were synthesized to construct axioms and derive propositions explaining how older adults perceive threats, mobilize coping mechanisms, and develop internal resiliency during health emergencies.
Results: Four axioms were generated, forming the basis for three core propositions: (1) Older adults recognize and perceive threats arising from increased health demands during emerging health emergencies; (2) Older adults develop multiple essential coping mechanisms across physical, social, psychological, and spiritual domains, with spirituality emerging as the central and foundational coping dimension; and (3) Older adults who cultivate strong internal resiliency are better able to adapt, maintain positive disposition, and sustain quality of life. The resulting Expanded Need-Threat Internal Resiliency Theory posits that emerging health emergencies prompt older adults to acquire, refine, and integrate diverse coping strategies crucial for preserving holistic well-being.
Conclusion: This theory provides a comprehensive framework for understanding resilience as a biopsychosociospiritual process in aging populations, offering implications for nursing practice, education, research, and policy to support older adults in crisis situations. By articulating the interplay between health needs, perceived threats, coping strategies, and internal resiliency, the theory advances gerontological nursing knowledge and provides a conceptual basis for interventions aimed at enhancing adaptive capacity and life satisfaction among older adults during emerging health crises.
Keywords: Need-threat, Internal resiliency, Older adults, Emerging health emergencies, Nursing theory development
Type of Study: Review Article |
Subject:
General
Received: 2025/11/18 | Accepted: 2026/02/23 | Published: 2026/04/21
Received: 2025/11/18 | Accepted: 2026/02/23 | Published: 2026/04/21
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